新世纪理工科英语教程：土木工程与建筑

编者：宋黎 康海贵 丛书主编：程月芳 合著者：(英国)Geoff Thompson

大学英语教学大纲（修订本）规定大学英语教学分为基础阶段（一至二年级）和应用提高阶段（三至四年级）。应用提高阶段的教学包括专业英语（Subject.Based English，简称SBE）和高级英语（Advanced English，简称AE）两部分。大纲明确指出：“大学英语教学的目的是培养学生具有较强的阅读能力和一定的听、说、写、译能力，使他们能用英语交流信息。……以适应社会发展和经济建设的需要。”新世纪对人才在外语方面提出了更高的要求。抓好大学英语应用提高阶段的教学已势在必行。编写本教材的目的是帮助理工科学生在应用提高阶段进一步发展、巩固和提高基础阶段已掌握的读、听、写、说、译五种技能，并使部分有一定口语基础的学生在听说能力方面也能有较大的提高，以适应21世纪对高级人才的需求。

本教材主要适用于已完成基础阶段学习的高等学校理工科本科生，为应用提高阶段的必修课和选修课教材，也可用作研究生教学或工程技术人员的外语培训教材。

全套教材由专业教师和英语教师合作编写而成。它以英国语言学家H.G.Widdowson的交际法理论为依据，着重解决语言运用能力的培养问题，使学生将基础阶段已掌握的英语语言知识和技能在自己的专业领域中得到进一步实践和应用，从而达到能以英语为工具获取和交流信息的教学目的。2100433B

《新世纪理工科英语教程:土木工程与建筑(学生用书)》为大学英语应用提高阶段专业英语系列教材之一

UNIT ONE

Reading and Comprehension 1

FRICTION

Reading and Practice 6

MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS

Reading and Translation 11

TRUSSES AND CABLES

UNIT TWO

Reading and Comprehension 16

INTRODUCTION TO COMPONENT DESIGN

Reading and Practice 21

STRESS

Reading and Translation 28

CONCEPT OF STRAIN AT A POINT

UNIT THREE

Reading and Comprehension 32

THE ENERGY THEOREMS

Reading and Practice 38

THE ENERGY THEOREMS (continued)

Reading and Translation 43

STRAIN ENERGY

UNIT FOUR

Reading and Comprehension 48

REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMES

Reading and Practice 54

STRUCTURES

Reading and Translation 65

FORMWORK OF REINFORCED CONCRETE

UNIT FIVE

Reading and Comprehension 69

PARTS AND TYPES OF STEEL STRUCTURE

Reading and Practice 77

BEHAVIOR OF STEEL AT EXTREME TEMPERATURES

Reading and Translation 84

WELDING AND WELD LIMIT STATES

UNIT SiX

Reading and Comprehension 91

PROPERTIES OF FRESH CONCRETE

Reading and Practice 97

DEFORMATION

Reading and Translation 107

CEMENTS

UNIT SEVEN

Reading and Comprehension 111

DESIGN OF BUILDINGS AGAINST FIRE SPREAD

Reading and Practice 117

ASSESSMENT AND REPAIR OF FIRE DAMAGE TO CONCRETE

Reading and Translation 124

GENERAL ASPECTS OF FIRE SAFETY DESIGN

UNIT EIGHT

Reading and Comprehension 128

INTRODUCTION TO SOIL MECHANICS

Reading and Practice 133

THE SHEARING STRENGTH OF SOIL

Reading and Translation 141

THE NATURE OF SOIL

UNIT NINE

Reading and Comprehension 147

FUNDAMENTALS OF FLUID FLOW

Reading and Practice 152

FLUID STATICS

Reading and Translation 159

COMPLEX PIPELINE SYSTEMS

UNIT TEN

Reading and Comprehension 164

SURVEYING

Reading and Practice 170

THE RELIABILITY OF A SURVEY

Reading and Translation 178

TRIANGULATION

UNIT ELEVEN

Reading and Comprehension 183

WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Reading and Practice 190

GLOBAL WARMING

Reading and Translation 199

LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS

UNIT TWELVE

Reading and Comprehension 203

MOUND BREAKWATERS

Reading and Practice 209

CAISSON FOUNDATIONS

Reading and Translation 216

PORT PLANNING METHODS AND MODELS

UNIT THIRTEEN

Reading and Comprehension 220

HIGHWAY LOCATION IN URBAN AREAS

Reading and Practice 224

STRESS CONSIDERATIONS IN CONCRETE ROAD SLABS

Reading and Translation 231

PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE AND STRENGTHENING

UNIT FOURTEEN

Reading and Comprehension 236

BRIDGE ENGINEERING AND AESTHETICS

Reading and Practice 242

LOADS AND LOADING GROUPS

Reading and Trahslation 251

BASIC PHILOSOPHY OF SEISMIC DESIGN

UNiT FIFTEEN

Reading and Comprehension 255

FACTORS INFLUENCING CONSTRUCTION QUALITY

Reading and Practice 260

ESTIMATING

Reading and Translation 266

CONTRACTS FOR ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURAL

SERVICES

UNIT SIXTEEN

Reading and Comprehension 270

LIBRARY ADDITION IN HISTORIC MASSACHUSETTS

Reading and Practice 276

BROOKSIDE: A TWO-FAMILY HOUSE

Reading and Translation 284

LIGHTING FOR SPACE DEFINITION AND VISUAL COMFORT

UNIT SEVENTEEN

Reading and Comprehension 289

GROUNDWORKS

Reading and Practice 293

SITE APPRAISAL AND ANALYSIS

Reading and Translation 301

STREET AND LOT LAYOUT

UNIT EIGHTEEN

Reading and Comprehension 309

LONG-SPAN PRECAST SYSTEM FOR A SCIENCE CENTER

Reading and Practice 315

DIRECT COST OF TALL BUILDINGS

Reading and Translation 322

ESTHETICS OF TALL BUILDINGS

UNIT NINETEEN

Reading and Comprehension 326

SKILLS

Reading and Practice 330

THE DESIGN PROCESS IN STANDARD PRACTICE

Reading and Translation 339

THE TRADITIONAL BUILDING PROCESS

UNIT TWENTY

Reading and Comprehension 346

FIRE PROBLEMS IN FINISHED BUILDINGS

Reading and Practice 351

ACTIVE HVAC SYSTEMS

Reading and Translation 359

INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL PATH METHOD

Practical Writing

1 Application Letter

2 Business Letter

3 Invitation Card

4 Notice

5 Resume

6 Postcard

7 Business Card

8 Memorandum

9 Advertisement

10 Contract

11 Laboratory Report

12 Proposal Report

13 Feasibility Report

14 Title and Key Words

15 Abstract

16 Bibliography

17 Degree Paper (Ⅰ)

18 Degree Paper (Ⅱ)

19 Degree Paper (Ⅲ)

20 Academic Paper

GLOSSARY

本书根据大学英语教学要求，按照应用型人才培养需要，面向基础英语学习阶段的土木工程专业学生编写。通过本教程的学习，可帮助学生从听说读写译各方面掌握土木工程专业英语的基本专业内容、入门词汇表达以及基础写作知识，学生可顺利进入更高阶段的土木工程专业英语的学习。本书即可作为本科院校的学生使用，也可以作为相关行业的工作人员参考用书

应用提高阶段的教学包括专业英语（Subject.Based English，简称SBE）和高级英语（Advanced English，简称AE）两部分。大纲明确指出：“大学英语教学的目的是培养学生具有较强的阅读能力和一定的听、说、写、译能力，使他们能用英语交流信息。……以适应社会发展和经济建设的需要。”新世纪对人才在外语方面提出了更高的要求。抓好大学英语应用提高阶段的教学已势在必行。编写本教材的目的是帮助理工科学生在应用提高阶段进一步发展、巩固和提高基础阶段已掌握的读、听、写、说、译五种技能，并使部分有一定口语基础的学生在听说能力方面也能有较大的提高，以适应21世纪对高级人才的需求。

本教材主要适用于已完成基础阶段学习的高等学校理工科本科生，为应用提高阶段的必修课和选修课教材，也可用作研究生教学或工程技术人员的外语培训教材。

全套教材由专业教师和英语教师合作编写而成。它以英国语言学家H.G.Widdowson的交际法理论为依据，着重解决语言运用能力的培养问题，使学生将基础阶段已掌握的英语语言知识和技能在自己的专业领域中得到进一步实践和应用，从而达到能以英语为工具获取和交流信息的教学目的。

本书是根据大学英语教学大纲要求，面向建筑学与土木工程专业编写的。本书分为建筑学与土木工程两大部分，共十一个单元，每单元包含四篇文章和一篇语法知识，主要内容包城市规划设计、建筑学概述、建筑历史、建筑结构、土木工程、材料力学、结构、材料、建设、液压结构等。 ？本书可供建筑学与土木工程专业教学使用，也可供相关专业工程家属人员学习参考。