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更新时间:2025.05.11
莫高窟壁画加筋土地仗干缩变形研究

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世界文化遗产敦煌莫高窟以精美的壁画闻名于世。泥质地仗中添加植物纤维有助于提高地仗强度,但对于改善干缩方面的认识不足。本文利用液体石蜡法测试草泥层地仗和麻泥层地仗的收缩曲线,探讨了不同含量的加筋材料对地仗层收缩性质的影响。收缩曲线表明,当地仗层中加入一种加筋材料时,随着加筋材料含量的增加,地仗层不再发生收缩变形并且含水率(即缩限)不断增大,体缩率不断减小。分析认为,加筋材料增大了土颗粒之间的摩擦阻力,部分抵消了毛细压力,从而限制了土体的干缩变形。这意味着,古人在澄板土中加入加筋材料不仅提高了地仗的强度,而且改善了澄板土的收缩特性,解决了湿地仗的失水收缩问题。

关于莫高窟窟前殿堂与窟檐建筑的时代问题

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There are more than twenty halls in front of cave in Mogao Grottoes,such as caves No.130,108,100,98,96,95,85,76,74,72,61,55,467,53,46,45,44,39,38,35,30-27,33-21,Most of caves have its own eaves building.The two kinds of architecture are both timber construction.After carefully research,we find that these special architecture were built during early Tang dynasty at the first time,developed in Middle Tang,and very popular during the period of Gui-Yi-Jun,and still continued in the West Xia and Yuan Dynasty.In this paper,the author specially discusses the two halls in front of caves No.130 and No.96.

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